Category Archives: Photography

The Panasonic LX100 – a closer look

An outstanding lens.

My first experience with the LX100 is here.

Since then I have looked through the menu options more carefully and found some very handy things, and one disappointment.

The handy things include one setting to turn off all sounds – the focus beep and the shutter ‘clack’ – switching to the silent electronic shutter, the street snapper’s favorite. Another is the ability to set the lens so that it extends to a favorite focal length when the camera is turned on. The default is 24mm; I have it set to 35mm where it takes maybe an additional 0.5 second to extend compared with the 1.0 second for the default. No big deal.

One feature which really got me excited is the ability to change the function of the focus collar on the lens. There are several options but the most useful is to make it into a zoom ring, rather than using the small control concentric with the shutter release. Nice idea, Panny, but horribly implemented. You really want the focal length range (24-75mm) to be spanned in at most a quarter turn of the ring, maybe one eighth, but in practice it’s very low geared needing over 360 degrees to go through the range. Useless. Still, the shutter button control is fine and in practice it jumps between the most common settings – 24, 28, 35, 50, 70 and 75mm – and does so quickly. (Non-stepped focal length selection is also an option). Maybe Panny can fix the collar ‘gearing’ in a firmware upgrade?

The other finding, if hardly a disappointment, is that for critical focus the default multi-area focusing is also useless. But I have found this to be the case on every camera I have used with this dumb feature. It bears repeating the question. How can the camera know what the critical point of focus is?

Let me illustrate. Here’s my son at lunch the other day.


LX100, 35mm, 1/80, f/2.4 ISO1250.

Lovely lighting and note how the fast lens throws the background out of focus. This was taken using the multi-area focusing. Now zoom in and you get:


Unsharp Winston.

The point of critical focus selected by the multi-area technology, and it is very sharp indeed, is three inches behind my son’s eyes. So the first thing to do is to turn off this solution looking for a problem and set the body for single area central focus, using ‘focus and recompose’ with a first pressure on the shutter release to lock in correct focus, where it works as perfectly as on every previous Panny MFT body I have used.

Now here’s the real shocker. Long time readers know I favor a GX7 with the 17mm f/1.8 Olympus MFT Zuiko most of the time, with a second GX7 body with the 45mm f/1.8 Zuiko MFT in a shoulder bag for the occasional close-up. Given that I favor the (17)/35mm lens, it made sense to do a comparison under controlled conditions to confirm what I suspected. And that is that the Leica optic on the LX100 yields nothing to the outstanding Olympus 17mm lens. Using a bookshelf at home here are the comparisons. The GX7 is at the left in all these examples and no processing or sharpening of any kind was applied in these RAW images, shown in LR5.

Center at f/2, f/2.8 and f/4:

Corner at f/2, f/2.8 and f/4:

The 35mm setting on the LX100 comes with a maximum aperture of f/2.3 against the Zuiko’s f/1.8, an immaterial 0.5 stop difference.

Overall the Leica zoom on the LX100 is marginally better at all stops in the center, the Oly Zuiko marginally better in the corner, but as you can see from the above sections of what would be 30″ x 20″ prints, the differences are vanishingly small. I used 1600ISO for the LX100 snaps (by mistake) and the absence of grain and noise is remarkable. The cameras were on a very sturdy tripod, the vibrationless electronic shutter was used, and the shutter was released with the self timer to make sure all was still. Central area, single point AF was used for all images.

The different baseplate design of the LX100 means that you will be unable to open the battery/SDHC card door with even the smallest of Arca tripod plates fitted. It has to be removed if either is to be swapped. The GX7 has an angled door which clears the plate.

So if the 24-75mm zoom range solves for you, there is little justification in buying a body with interchangeable lenses with all the futzing around and dirt issues that entails. The LX100 has all you need with a lens that matches the best fixed focus optics available for the MFT format, is a very wide 24mm at its widest setting and the whole package can just be squeezed into a generously sized pocket with the lens collapsed.


Though smaller than the GX7, the LX100 (lower) has superior ergonomics owing
to the plethora of manual controls and the extended thumb grip on the rear.
The serrated dial at lower right is also a rotary control.

The modern Leica is here, and it’s made by Panasonic.


Indeed. This is true.

Modern trends

Smaller is better.

The trend to ever smaller cameras and cellphones continues, and I’m by no means immune to it.

Here are data for my 2014 ‘keepers’:


2014 data from LR.

Now compare with a year ago:


2013.

The bottom line is that the immense weight and bulk of the FF DSLR no longer solves, a result compounded by age (mine!) and the excellent sensors to be found in Panny’s GX7 MFT bodies and in the iPhone 6. I expect the huge Nikon D3X will move along to a new home in 2015 given my principle of only keeping what I use.


Three and three. iPhone 6 snap.

The Panasonic LX100 in use

Outstanding.

I first made mention of this camera a while back when it was introduced. The appeal was obvious – a fixed lens with a 24-75mm zoom range comes with a very fast aperture range of f/1.7 to f/2.8 at the long end. The zoom range is ideal, with the short end being very wide indeed and the long perfect for head and shoulder portraits which isolate the background. That’s not easy to do with most MFT lenses where smaller apertures tend to leave everything in focus.

Search the lens range for better quality zooms for Panny and Oly MFT bodies and you can have the Panny 12-35mm f/2.8 for $1,000 or the Oly 12-40mm f/2.8 for a like amount. By contrast, the LX100 with a lens which is 1.5 stops faster at the wide end, and the same speed when extended, runs just $900, plus another $30 for the nifty petal lens cap which opens and closes automatically as the camera is turned on or off. All of this comes in a far smaller package than with a detachable lens, with the added benefit of dust sealing. The lens cap mechanism is purely mechanical, the sprung leaves being pushed open by the front of the lens barrel and while somewhat ungainly looking when open, the petals do not compromise handling. The LX100 weighs 13.9 ozs, whereas the two detachable zooms for the GX7 weigh 10.8 ozs and 13.5 ozs, respectively. So the LX100 complete with a faster lens – a Leica design made by Panny – weighs considerably less than a body plus detachable zoom.


Panasonic LX100 beside the GX7 with the 17mm f/1.8 Olympus Zuiko fitted.
The AF/MF lever is just visible to the right of the aspect ratio one.

The LX100 shown above is my son’s, a Christmas gift to recognize his growing prowess as a photographer. Winston had a chance to wring out the camera over the holidays and every exposure on his first ‘roll’ was perfect. We left the camera as shipped, which means everything on Auto, with the sole change that images would be recorded in JPEG + RAW. The 64GB UD SDHC card will accommodate over 2,200 of such image pairs, and the limitation is the small battery, the same as the one used in the GX7. That’s good – an identical charger is used – and bad – the capacity is not great. Spares are a must, especially if making movies.

There are a couple of differences compared with the GX7. There’s no tilting LED screen or eyepiece (I find the latter of little use), and the flash is a clip on accessory, rather than being built in. That’s a shame. As with the GX7, ergonomics are superb, the body handling well in large or small hands despite its small size. Best of all the lens barrel extends (to 24mm) when the camera is turned on in a very fast 1 second, meaning that by the time you have it raised to your eye the body is ready to shoot. The zoom lever is atop and nicely balanced between speed and control. A manual zoom ring would be even nicer – perhaps on the Mark II version?

Where the ergonomics really excel is in the raft of manual controls – aperture, shutter speed, exposure compensation (so welcome, that one), aspect ratio, focus and shutter speed, all clearly visible in the image above. All the controls are ‘Leica quality’, the detents being engineered just so and a pleasure to operate. Mercifully the ugly black barrel on the chrome version (see the linked earlier piece, above) has been replaced by a chrome one in the production camera and Winston opted for chrome when asked whether he preferred the black body. The lens collapses shut after a couple of minutes of non-use. Engineering quality, fit and finish throughout is as good as it gets, the whole camera having a jeweled precision seldom encountered in consumer products. I would say that it is subjectively a step up in quality from the already excellent GX7 body.

Manual focus has to be the best implementation yet. Switch to MF and as you twist the focus ring the image is magnified making correct focus a breeze. This is further helped by focus peaking, the sharp parts of the image outlined in blue shimmering lines. Perfection and very fast into the bargain. I much prefer AF ‘focus and recompose’, which is an available option, but for the manual focus maven this is as good as it gets.

With the growing complexity of modern digital cameras there’s some sense to sticking with one manufacturer’s products as the chances are that menu designs will be similar. Such is the case here and after years with Panny’s G1, G3 and a brace of GX7s I felt immediately at home, making instructing Winston a breeze.

Optical quality is excellent at all apertures and focal lengths. It’s easy to switch to manual aperture where the f/2.8 setting at 75mm easily isolates backgrounds.


Winnie plays hard to get. At 75mm and f/2.8 – backgrounds blur easily.

Winston is learning to process images in Lightroom, and version 5.7 of that application recognizes and processes the RAW format from the LX100 seamlessly. It’s rally hard to think why any user would not opt for the superior flexibility of RAW file capture.


Pine Inn, Carmel. Image taken on the LX100 and processed in LR by my son.

It’s hard to think of a more capable camera for many genres of snappers. Be it street snapper, manual control aficionado, landscape artist, movie maker, you name it, the LX100 comes with a crackerjack, fast zoom, fluid operation, wonderful ergonomics, outstanding engineering and manual controls, all at a bargain price. For silent operation the superb electronic shutter option from the GX7 is carried over and works every bit as well. The funky lens cap obviates the need for protective filters on the outstanding Leica-designed fast zoom.

Unless you need ultra wide or very long optics, the LX100 provides an optimal focal length range with fast apertures throughout. Until the iPhone comes out with an optical zoom – likely very soon – it’s hard to imagine a more capable camera in so small a body. Large prints from MFT, as oft illustrated here, are a breeze.

For a closer look, with lens comparisons to the GX7 with the excellent fixed focus 17mm Zuiko MFT lens, please click here.

Mac Pro 2009 – Part XXVI

Thunderbolt speeds for your storage.

For an index of all my Mac Pro articles, click here.

Thunderbolt is Intel’s technology for faster data movement between the Mac and storage drives. It also permits connection of displays.

Much has been made of the speed of TB in Apple’s marketing and it’s a technology which will never become available for classic Mac Pros as the required chips reside on the backplane board (motherboard) and cannot be added on a PCIe card. Thunderbolt requires costly external disk drive enclosures to work with the new cylindrical Mac Pro, also very costly.

But there’s a very simple solution for classic Mac Pro users seeking near-TB speeds and it comes from Apricorn in the guise of a dual SSD PCIe card.


Click the image.

Retailing at $140-150, plus the cost of two identical SSDs of your choice, assembly takes 3 minutes and installation in any PCIe slot in the Mac Pro a minute more. There are no cables to attach. Two status LEDs on the card glow green when all is well. PCIe allows the SSDs to run at SATAIII speed, which is twice the speed of the internal, dated SATAII drive slots in the Mac Pro.

This particular card was fitted with two Crucial MX100 256GB SSDs for a total cost of under $400, and set up in Disk Utility as a striped pair, meaning that both drives are written to simultaneously with disparate data streams, thus doubling the speed compared with a single drive. The drive pair is seen as one drive in Finder and should be regularly backed up, such backup being to the cheapest spinning drive handy. The OS and applications are moved to the Apricorn and the following speed test data were obtained:

Data are for a modestly spec’d single CPU Mac Pro with an X3690 3.46GHz CPU running just 8GB of 1333MHz RAM.

This compares with 715 and 791 for the new Mac Pro 2013 with 64GB of 1600MHz RAM and the D700 dual GPUs.

Expect 50 MB/s for a spinning HDD in a regular drive slot, maybe 150 MB/s for a single SSD in an internal drive slot and 300 MB/s for two SSDs in internal drive slots in a striped array. External USB2 drives measure 30-50 MB/s, USB3 some 75 MB/s. Clearly the speed gains here are very significant.

Thus for a very modest investment, you get 93% of the Read and 88% of the Write speed of a very costly new Mac Pro.

The ideal use for such a fast drive is for the OS and applications, of course, but for photographers processing very large layered files with frequent read/write activity, it’s an excellent temporary storage drive. Once processing concludes, the files can be moved to inexpensive spinning disks for long term storage.